Motor



- 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. B. BENHAM 86 H. B. RICHARDSON.

(No Model.)

: MOTOR.

Patented July 28, 1885.

No. 323,258. I

I I INVENTORQ flW BY ATTORNEY WITNESSES:

STATES ELLIAH B. BENHAM, OF HOLYOKE, AND HENRY B. RICHARDSON, OF AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS.

MOTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 323,258, dated July 28, 1885.

(No model.)

To all 7072/0711, it may concern.-

Be it known that we, ELIJAH B. BENHAM and HENRY B.'RIOHARDSON, citizens of the United States, residing, respectively, at Holyoke, in the county of Hampden, and at Amherst, county of Hampshire, and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful In1- provements in Motors, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to improvements in motors adapted to be actuated by either water or steam, and it is in the nature of an improvement upon our patent of April 24, 1888, the object being to improve the manner of sup porting the oscillating ring and of connecting it with the driving-wheel, and of connecting the pistons to the ring; to improve the form of the pistons, whereby their friction is reduced; to arrange, in connection with the pistons and cylinders, a waterpacking drainpipe, whereby ease of motion is insured to the former and a back pressure on the latter is avoided; and to generally improve the details of the construction of the motor, as hereinafter specifically set forth.

In the drawings forming part of this specification, Figure 1 is a front elevation of a motor embodying our improvements. Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the line at m, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the cylinder-disk, showing the valve-seat and the ports leading to the cylinders. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the valve.

In the drawings, K is the frame of the mechanism having the shaft y supported in suitable bearings therein, the driving-pulley A being fixed on said shaft, and the crank-disk 6 being secured on the end of the same, said disk having the crank-pin J. On the front side of frame K are hung two other crankdisks, 6 e, each having the crank-pin z, and adapted to rotate in the same plane as the said disk 6.

The ring B herein shown bears the same operative relation to the pistons t and the driving-wheel A as does the ring H of said patent to the pistons and driving-wheel thereof; but said ring B, for the purpose of giving it increased steadiness of motion and for obviating anything like dead-centers in its path, is

connected directly with the disks 6 e and e, the crank-pins of the latter passing through the ring, as shown. Thus the ring, which re ceives its movement from the pistons i, as described in said patent, communicates that movement to the wheel A, through disk 6 and shatt giving the wheel its rotary movement, the disks 6 e turning with disk 0. l

The pistons t are provided each with a friction-roller, as shown, against which the inner edge of ring B bears, and each piston extends beyond said roller nearly to the periphery of the ring, and a pin or bolt, f, in the side of the piston has its end entering the groove 0 in the side of the ring, thereby attaching each piston to the latter and insuring coinciding movements-of pistons and ring, and keeping the two latter from becoming separated when the steam or water is shut off from the motor, and the wheel-A continues its rotations for a longer or shorter time simply from the impetus which it and machinery connected there with may have acquired. The pistons shown in said patent are of cylindrical form and of uniform diameter throughouttheir length,and hence their bearing-surface on the cylinders and within the packing or stuffing boxes thereof is considerable, occasioning more or less friction. To obviate, in a measure, said friction, the pistons 2' are made in the usual form, and the head is supplied with a free packing, or one similar to that ordinarily termed hat-brim packing, which expands slightly by the force acting under the pistonhead against the sides of the cylinder, and retracts when said force ceases.

For the purpose of keeping that part of the cylinders between the upper side of the piston-heads and the stuffing-boxes free from water or steam,which may escape past said head, tubular connections 2) are established between the cylinders b, and connection is made therewith by a drain-pipe, x, which discharges into the main exhaust-pipe E. Thus there can be no back pressure for the pistons to work against.

In said patent the induction is from the rear side of the motor, 7 and the discharge-pipe leads from thefront side. That arrangement is inconvenient in some respects, and hence the motor herein shown has its induction and eduction passages both on the rear side of the machine, and to adapt the valve to this change some slight change ismade therein, as hereinafter described.

The valve H, Fig. 4, is provided with a solid stem, 0 which passes through the cylinder-disk D,and has attached thereto the crankarm 0. The semicircular open end of valve H bears against the inner face of the cylinderdisk D, covering several of the ports 5 and uncovering the same alternately while it rotates, thus letting the water or steam act su ccessivcly upon different groups of the pistons, as described in said patent. The water or steam enters by the pipeF and the conduit m into the valvechamber 8 and passes directly through any uncovered ports, 5, into the cylinders, and the ports of those which are covered by the valve act as discharge-passages from the cylinders whereby they are emptied, and their contents are conveyed through the hollow stem 0 of the valve to the discharge-pipe E. The valve H is rotated by the connection of the bar a with the crankfarm c, the ends of said bar being bolted to the ring B.

The pipe d, having an oil-cup thereon, conducts oil from the latter to the induction-pipe F,for the purpose of lubricating the cylinders and pistons, when desired. Having the ring B, as herein shown, connected with the aforesaid crank-disks and positively connected to the pistons, it is obvious that it may be made in connected sections,if desired, and that from piston to piston it may run in a straight line instead of being curved.

What we claim as our invention is- 1. In a motor, the crank-disk e, secured to the driving-shaft thereof, the crank-disks e e, hung to rotate on the frame of the machine, the ring B,attached to a crank-pin on each of said disks, combined with a series of pistons, substantially as described, having a movement in the plane of said ring, substantially as set forth.

2. In a motor, the series of pistons i, having reciprocating motions in the same plane, the disks 6 e and e, the ring B, attached to said pistons and to said disks, the bar a,attached to said ring, the valve H, and the crank-arm a, secured to the stem of the valve and to said bar, combined and operating substantially as set forth.

ELIJAH B. BENI-IAM. HENRY B. RICHARDSON.

Witnesses: H. A. GHAPIN, J. D. GARFIELD. 

